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Welfare receipt trajectories of African-American women followed for 30 years.
- Source :
-
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine [J Urban Health] 2010 Jan; Vol. 87 (1), pp. 76-94. Date of Electronic Publication: 2009 Dec 01. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Although there has been much discussion about the persistence of poverty and welfare receipt among child-rearing women in the US, little is known about long-term patterns of poverty and welfare receipt or what differentiates those who remain on welfare from those who do not. Furthermore, are there distinctions between child-rearing women who are poor but not on welfare from those who do receive welfare? This study examined trajectories of welfare receipt and poverty among African-American women (n = 680) followed from 1966 to 1997. A semiparametric group-based approach revealed four trajectories of welfare receipt: no welfare (64.2%), early leavers (12.7%), late leavers (10.1%), and persistent welfare recipients (10.1%). The "no welfare" group was further divided into a poverty group and a not poverty group to distinguish predictors of welfare from predictors of poverty. Multivariate analyses revealed differences in predictors of trajectory groups in terms of education, physical and psychological health, and social integration. In addition, earlier chronic illness and social integration were important predictors to differentiate between long-term users (i.e., late leavers, persistent recipients) and short-term users (i.e., early leavers). Trajectories did not differ in teenage motherhood, substance use, or family history of welfare receipt. Implications for public policy are discussed.
- Subjects :
- Black or African American psychology
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Chicago
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Gender Identity
Health Behavior
Health Status
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Middle Aged
Mothers psychology
Multivariate Analysis
Poverty statistics & numerical data
Socioeconomic Factors
Urban Population
Black or African American statistics & numerical data
Mothers statistics & numerical data
Poverty ethnology
Social Welfare ethnology
Social Welfare statistics & numerical data
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1468-2869
- Volume :
- 87
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 19949992
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-009-9413-0