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Cytoskeletal coherence requires myosin-IIA contractility.
- Source :
-
Journal of cell science [J Cell Sci] 2010 Feb 01; Vol. 123 (Pt 3), pp. 413-23. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Jan 12. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Maintaining a physical connection across cytoplasm is crucial for many biological processes such as matrix force generation, cell motility, cell shape and tissue development. However, in the absence of stress fibers, the coherent structure that transmits force across the cytoplasm is not understood. We find that nonmuscle myosin-II (NMII) contraction of cytoplasmic actin filaments establishes a coherent cytoskeletal network irrespective of the nature of adhesive contacts. When NMII activity is inhibited during cell spreading by Rho kinase inhibition, blebbistatin, caldesmon overexpression or NMIIA RNAi, the symmetric traction forces are lost and cell spreading persists, causing cytoplasm fragmentation by membrane tension that results in 'C' or dendritic shapes. Moreover, local inactivation of NMII by chromophore-assisted laser inactivation causes local loss of coherence. Actin filament polymerization is also required for cytoplasmic coherence, but microtubules and intermediate filaments are dispensable. Loss of cytoplasmic coherence is accompanied by loss of circumferential actin bundles. We suggest that NMIIA creates a coherent actin network through the formation of circumferential actin bundles that mechanically link elements of the peripheral actin cytoskeleton where much of the force is generated during spreading.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Blotting, Western
Cells, Cultured
Cytoskeleton drug effects
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings pharmacology
Mice
NIH 3T3 Cells
Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA genetics
Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA metabolism
rho-Associated Kinases antagonists & inhibitors
Actins metabolism
Cytoskeleton metabolism
Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1477-9137
- Volume :
- 123
- Issue :
- Pt 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of cell science
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 20067993
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.058297