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Focal damage to the adult rat neocortex induces wound healing accompanied by axonal sprouting and dendritic structural plasticity.
- Source :
-
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) [Cereb Cortex] 2011 Feb; Vol. 21 (2), pp. 281-91. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 May 28. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Accumulating evidence indicates that damage to the adult mammalian brain evokes an array of adaptive cellular responses and may retain a capacity for structural plasticity. We have investigated the cellular and architectural alterations following focal experimental brain injury, as well as the specific capacity for structural remodeling of neuronal processes in a subset of cortical interneurons. Focal acute injury was induced by transient insertion of a needle into the neocortex of anesthetized adult male Hooded-Wistar rats and thy1 green fluorescent protein (GFP) mice. Immunohistochemical, electron microscopy, and bromodeoxyuridine cell proliferation studies demonstrated an active and evolving response of the brain to injury, indicating astrocytic but not neuronal proliferation. Immunolabeling for the neuron-specific markers phosphorylated neurofilaments, α-internexin and calretinin at 7 days post injury (DPI) indicated phosphorylated neurofilaments and α-internexin but not calretinin immunopositive axonal sprouts within the injury site. However, quantitative studies indicated a significant realignment of horizontally projecting dendrites of calretinin-labeled interneurons at 14 DPI. This remodeling was specific to calretinin immunopositive interneurons and did not occur in a subpopulation of pyramidal neurons expressing GFP in the injured mouse cortex. These data show that subclasses of cortical interneurons are capable of adaptive structural remodeling.
- Subjects :
- Adult Stem Cells physiology
Animals
Axons ultrastructure
Bromodeoxyuridine metabolism
Cell Proliferation
Dendrites pathology
Dendrites ultrastructure
Disease Models, Animal
Green Fluorescent Proteins genetics
Male
Mice
Mice, Transgenic
Microscopy, Confocal
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Neocortex physiopathology
Nerve Tissue Proteins metabolism
Neurogenesis physiology
Pyramidal Cells pathology
Pyramidal Cells ultrastructure
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Axons pathology
Brain Injuries pathology
Neocortex pathology
Neuronal Plasticity physiology
Wound Healing physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1460-2199
- Volume :
- 21
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 20511339
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhq091