[Dentofacial Orthopedics to treat facial asymmetries before six years of age. How to balance craniofacial growth and enhance temporomandibular function].

Minor facial asymmetries that can be detected in newborn infants indicate that facial growth for this child will also be asymmetric. When practitioners observe a displacement of the mandible in temporary dentition it probably indicates the presence of asymmetric masticatory function and they should look for an inter-temporal axial asymmetry by tracing cutaneous landmarks in the vicinity of the external ears. If they find the possible presence of asymmetric remodeling of glenoid fossas, they have to anticipate future temporo-mandibular disorders. By using a measurement grid (Orthogrille type) placed on the teeth of the upper plaster cast, they can assess sagittal and transverse status of the temporary teeth. If indicated, they can use acrylic plates fitted with sectional distalizing or expansion screws designed for full or partial arch correction. They can also modify the upper occlusal plane inclination by using acrylic bite blocks that keep all of the teeth from occluding and thus allow the displaced mandible to return to symmetrical movements during mastication and at the same time allow the temporal bones to remodel symmetrically. Finally, they can re-center the two dental arches and their midlines with a Frankel re-centering device that will also restore harmony to respiratory and vocalization functions. Thanks to this type of orthopedic treatment carried out for patients before they reach the age of six the asymmetric direction of their facial growth will become normal and the functioning of their temporo-mandibular joints will become optimal.
(© EDP Sciences, SFODF, 2010.)