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Human IRGM gene "to be or not to be".
Human IRGM gene "to be or not to be".
- Source :
-
Seminars in immunopathology [Semin Immunopathol] 2010 Dec; Vol. 32 (4), pp. 437-44. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Aug 25. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- The immunity-related GTPases (IRG proteins) are one of the strongest early resistance systems against intracellular pathogens. The IRG gene family contains 21 copies arranged as tandem gene clusters on two chromosomes in the C57BL/6 mouse genome but has been reduced to only two copies in humans: IRGC and IRGM. IRGC is not involved in immunity, but the human IRGM gene plays a role in autophagy-targeted destruction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (BCG) and Salmonella typhimurium. Variant IRGM haplotypes have been associated with increased risk for Crohn's disease and correlated with differential expression of IRGM transcripts. This article reviews in detail the studies performed on human samples, in vitro, and in sequence analyses that provide evidence for the unusual evolutionary history of the IRGM locus and the important role of the IRGM gene in autophagy and Crohn's disease in response to pathogenesis.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Autophagy genetics
Crohn Disease genetics
GTP-Binding Proteins genetics
GTP-Binding Proteins metabolism
Humans
Mice
Mycobacterium tuberculosis metabolism
Risk Factors
Salmonella Infections genetics
Salmonella typhimurium metabolism
Tuberculosis genetics
Autophagy immunology
Crohn Disease immunology
Evolution, Molecular
GTP-Binding Proteins immunology
Mycobacterium tuberculosis immunology
Salmonella Infections immunology
Salmonella typhimurium immunology
Tuberculosis immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1863-2300
- Volume :
- 32
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Seminars in immunopathology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 20737271
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-010-0224-x