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Comparison of the effect of Crotalus simus and Crotalus durissus ruruima venoms on the equine antibody response towards Bothrops asper venom: implications for the production of polyspecific snake antivenoms.
- Source :
-
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology [Toxicon] 2011 Feb; Vol. 57 (2), pp. 237-43. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Dec 02. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Antivenoms are preparations of immunoglobulins purified from the plasma of animals immunized with snake venoms. Depending on the number of venoms used during the immunization, antivenoms can be monospecific (if venom from a single species is used) or polyspecific (if venoms from several species are used). In turn, polyspecific antivenoms can be prepared by purifying antibodies from the plasma of animals immunized with a mixture of venoms, or by mixing antibodies purified from the plasma of animals immunized separately with single venom. The suitability of these strategies to produce polyspecific antibothropic-crotalic antivenoms was assessed using as models the venoms of Bothrops asper, Crotalus simus and Crotalus durissus ruruima. It was demonstrated that, when used as co-immunogen, C. simus and C. durissus ruruima venoms exert a deleterious effect on the antibody response towards different components of B. asper venom and in the neutralization of hemorrhagic and coagulant effect of this venom when compared with a monospecific B. asper antivenom. Polyspecific antivenoms produced by purifying immunoglobulins from the plasma of animals immunized with venom mixtures showed higher antibody titers and neutralizing capacity than those produced by mixing antibodies purified from the plasma of animals immunized separately with single venom. Thus, despite the deleterious effect of Crotalus sp venoms on the immune response against B. asper venom, the use of venom mixtures is more effective than the immunization with separate venoms for the preparation of polyspecific bothropic-crotalic antivenoms.<br /> (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antibody Formation
Blood Coagulation drug effects
Cross Reactions
Crotalid Venoms antagonists & inhibitors
Crotalid Venoms toxicity
Female
Humans
Lethal Dose 50
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred Strains
Species Specificity
Antibodies, Neutralizing biosynthesis
Antivenins biosynthesis
Bothrops
Crotalid Venoms immunology
Crotalus
Horses immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1879-3150
- Volume :
- 57
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21130107
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.11.016