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Snake venomics of African spitting cobras: toxin composition and assessment of congeneric cross-reactivity of the pan-African EchiTAb-Plus-ICP antivenom by antivenomics and neutralization approaches.
- Source :
-
Journal of proteome research [J Proteome Res] 2011 Mar 04; Vol. 10 (3), pp. 1266-80. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Jan 31. - Publication Year :
- 2011
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Abstract
- Venomic analysis of the venoms of Naja nigricollis, N. katiensis, N. nubiae, N. mossambica, and N. pallida revealed similar compositional trends. The high content of cytotoxins and PLA(2)s may account for the extensive tissue necrosis characteristic of the envenomings by these species. The high abundance of a type I α-neurotoxin in N. nubiae may be responsible for the high lethal toxicity of this venom (in rodents). The ability of EchiTAb-Plus-ICP antivenom to immunodeplete and neutralize the venoms of African spitting cobras was assessed by antivenomics and neutralization tests. It partially immunodepleted 3FTx and PLA(2)s and completely immunodepleted SVMPs and CRISPs in all venoms. The antivenom neutralized the dermonecrotic and PLA(2) activities of all African Naja venoms, whereas lethality was eliminated in the venoms of N. nigricollis, N. mossambica, and N. pallida but not in those of N. nubiae and N. katiensis. The lack of neutralization of lethality of N. nubiae venom may be of medical relevance only in relatively populous areas of the Saharan region. The impaired activity of EchiTAb-Plus-ICP against N. katiensis may not represent a major concern. This species is sympatric with N. nigricollis in many regions of Africa, although very few bites have been attributed to it.
- Subjects :
- Africa
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Antivenins therapeutic use
Child
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods
Humans
Mass Spectrometry methods
Metalloproteases analysis
Metalloproteases genetics
Mice
Molecular Sequence Data
Phylogeny
Proteins analysis
Proteins genetics
Proteome analysis
Snake Bites drug therapy
Antivenins chemistry
Antivenins immunology
Elapid Venoms chemistry
Elapidae classification
Neutralization Tests methods
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1535-3907
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of proteome research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21171584
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1021/pr101040f