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Protection against rectal transmission of an emtricitabine-resistant simian/human immunodeficiency virus SHIV162p3M184V mutant by intermittent prophylaxis with Truvada.
- Source :
-
Journal of virology [J Virol] 2011 Aug; Vol. 85 (15), pp. 7933-6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Jun 01. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Daily preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with Truvada (emtricitabine [FTC] and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate [TDF]) is a novel HIV prevention strategy recently found to reduce HIV incidence among men who have sex with men. We used a macaque model of HIV transmission to investigate if Truvada maintains prophylactic efficacy against an FTC-resistant isolate containing the M184V mutation. Five macaques received a dose of Truvada 3 days before exposing them rectally to the simian/human immunodeficiency virus mutant SHIV162p3(M184V), followed by a second dose 2 h after exposure. Five untreated animals were used as controls. Virus exposures were done weekly for up to 14 weeks. Despite the high (>100-fold) level of FTC resistance conferred by M184V, all five treated animals were protected from infection, while the five untreated macaques were infected (P = 0.0008). Our results show that Truvada maintains high prophylactic efficacy against an FTC-resistant isolate. Increased susceptibility to tenofovir due to M184V and other factors, including residual antiviral activity by FTC and/or reduced virus fitness due to M184V, may all have contributed to the observed protection.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cell Line
Deoxycytidine pharmacology
Drug Combinations
Drug Resistance, Viral
Emtricitabine
Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Combination
HIV genetics
Humans
Macaca mulatta
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome prevention & control
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus genetics
Antiviral Agents pharmacology
Deoxycytidine analogs & derivatives
HIV drug effects
Mutation
Organophosphorus Compounds pharmacology
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome transmission
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1098-5514
- Volume :
- 85
- Issue :
- 15
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of virology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21632769
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00843-11