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Cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and analgesic effects of morphine sulfate in conscious healthy horses.
Cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, and analgesic effects of morphine sulfate in conscious healthy horses.
- Source :
-
American journal of veterinary research [Am J Vet Res] 2012 Jun; Vol. 73 (6), pp. 799-808. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Objective: To compare the cardiorespiratory, gastrointestinal, analgesic, and behavioral effects between IV and IM administration of morphine in conscious horses with no signs of pain.<br />Animals: 6 healthy adult horses.<br />Procedures: Horses received saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (IM or IV) or morphine sulfate (0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg, IM or IV) in a randomized, masked crossover study design. The following variables were measured before and for 360 minutes after drug administration: heart and respiratory rates; systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures; rectal temperature; arterial pH and blood gas variables; intestinal motility; and response to thermal and electrical noxious stimuli. Adverse effects and horse behavior were also recorded. Plasma concentrations of morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide, and morphine-6-glucuronide were measured via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.<br />Results: No significant differences in any variable were evident after saline solution administration. Intravenous and IM administration of morphine resulted in minimal and short-term cardiorespiratory, intestinal motility, and behavioral changes. A decrease in gastrointestinal motility was detected 1 to 2 hours after IM administration of morphine at doses of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg and after IV administration of morphine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg. Morphine administration yielded no change in any horse's response to noxious stimuli. Both morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide were detected in plasma after IV and IM administration of morphine.<br />Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Clinically relevant doses of morphine sulfate yielded minimal and short-term behavioral and intestinal motility effects in healthy horses with no signs of pain. Neither dose of morphine affected their response to a noxious stimulus.
- Subjects :
- Analysis of Variance
Animals
Body Temperature
Cross-Over Studies
Heart Rate
Injections, Intramuscular veterinary
Injections, Intravenous veterinary
Morphine administration & dosage
Morphine Derivatives blood
Respiratory Rate
Gastrointestinal Motility drug effects
Horses
Morphine pharmacology
Motor Activity drug effects
Pain Threshold drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1943-5681
- Volume :
- 73
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- American journal of veterinary research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22620693
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.73.6.799