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Characterizing kiwifruit carbohydrate utilization in vitro and its consequences for human faecal microbiota.
- Source :
-
Journal of proteome research [J Proteome Res] 2012 Dec 07; Vol. 11 (12), pp. 5863-75. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Oct 26. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- It is well accepted that our gut bacteria have coevolved with us in relation to our genetics, diet and lifestyle and are integrated metabolically with us to affect our gut health adversely or beneficially. "Who is there" may vary quite widely between individuals, as might "how they do it", but "what they make" may be less variable. Many different individual species of bacteria can perform the same saccharolytic functions and so the availability of substrate (host or diet-derived) along with the degradative enzymes they possess may be key drivers of gut ecology. In this case study, we discuss detailed microbial ecology and metabolism analysis for three individuals following 48 h of in vitro faecal fermentation, using green kiwifruit as the substrate. In parallel, we have analyzed the chemical changes to the kiwifruit carbohydrates present in the fermenta to close the circle on substrate usage/degradative enzymes possessed/microbes present/microbial byproducts produced. In the absence of host carbohydrate, we see that kiwifruit carbohydrates were differentially utilized to drive microbial diversity, yet resulted in similar byproduct production. The starting ecology of each individual influenced the quantitative and qualitative microbial changes; but not necessarily the metabolic byproduct production. Thus, we propose that it is the consistent functional changes that are relevant for assessment of gut health benefits of any food. We recommend that in this era of large scale genotype/-omics studies that hypothesis-driven, bottom-up research is best placed to interpret metagenomic data in parallel with functional, phenotypic data.
- Subjects :
- Bacteria genetics
Bacteria growth & development
Bacteria metabolism
Bacterial Proteins metabolism
Biota
Cellulose metabolism
Culture Media metabolism
Dietary Carbohydrates metabolism
Enzyme Activation
Enzyme Assays
Fermentation
Gastrointestinal Tract metabolism
Gastrointestinal Tract microbiology
Genes, rRNA
Humans
Polysaccharides metabolism
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S metabolism
Solubility
Actinidia metabolism
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Feces microbiology
Fruit metabolism
Metagenome
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1535-3907
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of proteome research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23072625
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1021/pr300646m