Incidence and risk factors for reoperation of surgically treated urinary incontinence.

Introduction and Hypothesis: The objective of our study was to estimate the incidence and to identify the risk factors for reoperation of surgically treated stress urinary incontinence (SUI).
Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study among 1,132 women who underwent SUI surgery from January 1988 to June 2007. Cases (n=35) were women who required reoperation for SUI following the first intervention up to December 2008. Controls (n=89) were women randomly selected from the same cohort who did not require reoperation.
Results: The cumulative incidence of SUI reoperation was 3.1 % with a mean follow-up of 10.9 years (range 1.7-21.0). The main risk factor was the history of more than one vaginal delivery [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.5; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.0-12.6]. The use of synthetic midurethral slings was a protective factor compared to other surgical procedures for urinary incontinence (adjusted OR 0.1; 95 % CI 0.0-0.6).
Conclusions: The risk of reoperation after SUI surgery appears to be low and associated with multiple vaginal deliveries. Synthetic slings at index surgery are associated with a lower risk of reoperation.