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The identification of CD163 expressing phagocytic chondrocytes in joint cartilage and its novel scavenger role in cartilage degradation.
- Source :
-
PloS one [PLoS One] 2013; Vol. 8 (1), pp. e53312. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Jan 11. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Background: Cartilage degradation is a typical characteristic of arthritis. This study examined whether there was a subset of phagocytic chondrocytes that expressed the specific macrophage marker, CD163, and investigated their role in cartilage degradation.<br />Methods: Cartilage from the knee and temporomandibular joints of Sprague-Dawley rats was harvested. Cartilage degradation was experimentally-induced in rat temporomandibular joints, using published biomechanical dental methods. The expression levels of CD163 and inflammatory factors within cartilage, and the ability of CD163(+) chondrocytes to conduct phagocytosis were investigated. Cartilage from the knees of patients with osteoarthritis and normal cartilage from knee amputations was also investigated.<br />Results: In the experimentally-induced degrading cartilage from temporomandibular joints, phagocytes were capable of engulfing neighboring apoptotic and necrotic cells, and the levels of CD163, TNF-α and MMPs were all increased (P<0.05). However, the levels of ACP-1, NO and ROS, which relate to cellular digestion capability were unchanged (P>0.05). CD163(+) chondrocytes were found in the cartilage mid-zone of temporomandibular joints and knee from healthy, three-week old rats. Furthermore, an increased number of CD163(+) chondrocytes with enhanced phagocytic activity were present in Col-II(+) chondrocytes isolated from the degraded cartilage of temporomandibular joints in the eight-week experimental group compared with their age-matched controls. Increased number with enhanced phagocytic activity of CD163(+) chondrocytes were also found in isolated Col-II(+) chondrocytes stimulated with TNF-α (P<0.05). Mid-zone distribution of CD163(+) cells accompanied with increased expression of CD163 and TNF-α were further confirmed in the isolated Col-II(+) chondrocytes from the knee cartilage of human patients with osteoarthritis, in contrast to the controls (both P<0.05).<br />Conclusions: An increased number of CD163(+) chondrocytes with enhanced phagocytic activity were discovered within degraded joint cartilage, indicating a role in eliminating degraded tissues. Targeting these cells provides a new strategy for the treatment of arthritis.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Aged
Animals
Cartilage, Articular metabolism
Cell Count
Cell Movement drug effects
Cell Separation
Cells, Cultured
Chondrocytes drug effects
Chondrocytes pathology
Female
Humans
Knee Joint drug effects
Knee Joint metabolism
Knee Joint pathology
Male
Middle Aged
Osteoarthritis metabolism
Osteoarthritis pathology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Temporomandibular Joint metabolism
Temporomandibular Joint pathology
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha pharmacology
Antigens, CD metabolism
Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic metabolism
Cartilage, Articular pathology
Chondrocytes metabolism
Phagocytosis drug effects
Receptors, Cell Surface metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1932-6203
- Volume :
- 8
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23326413
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053312