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Alleviating versus stimulating effects of bicarbonate on the growth of Vallisneria natans under ammonia stress.
- Source :
-
Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2013 Aug; Vol. 20 (8), pp. 5281-8. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Feb 06. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Bicarbonate plays a crucial role in limiting the growth of submersed aquatic macrophytes in eutrophic lakes, and high ammonia is often toxic to macrophytes. In order to evaluate the combined effect of HCO3 (-) and total ammonia (i.e., the total of NH3 and NH4 (+)) on submersed macrophytes Vallisneria natans, the growth and physiological response of V. natans in the presence of HCO3 (-) and ammonia were studied. The results showed that with the increase of ammonia, morphological parameters of V. natans declined. In contrast, increased HCO3 (-) concentration stimulated the growth of V. natans, especially when the NH4 (+)-N/NO3 (-)-N ratio was 1:7. High ammonia concentration induced excess free amino acids (FAA) accumulation and soluble carbohydrates (SC) depletion in plant tissues. However, the elevated HCO3 (-) promoted the synthesis of SC and rendered the decrease of FAA/SC ratio. The results also suggested that HCO3 (-) could partially alleviate the stress of ammonia, as evidenced by the decrease of FAA/SC ratio and the growth enhancement of V. natans when the ammonia concentration was 0.58 mg L(-1). Given the fact that HCO3 (-) is probably the dominant available carbon source in most eutrophic lakes, the ability of V. natans to use HCO3 (-) for SC synthesis may explain the alleviating effect of HCO3 (-) on V. natans under ammonia stress.
- Subjects :
- Amino Acids metabolism
Ammonia toxicity
Carbohydrate Metabolism drug effects
Hydrocharitaceae growth & development
Hydrocharitaceae metabolism
Plant Leaves drug effects
Plant Leaves growth & development
Plant Leaves metabolism
Plant Roots drug effects
Plant Roots growth & development
Plant Roots metabolism
Ammonia administration & dosage
Bicarbonates administration & dosage
Hydrocharitaceae drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1614-7499
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Environmental science and pollution research international
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23381797
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1514-3