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Intranasal prophylaxis with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide can protect against Yersinia pestis infection.
- Source :
-
Infection and immunity [Infect Immun] 2013 Jun; Vol. 81 (6), pp. 2123-32. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Apr 01. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Immunomodulatory agents potentially represent a new class of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. Here, we demonstrate that prophylaxis with immunomodulatory cytosine-phosphate-guanidine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), a toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist, confers protection against Yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of plague. The data establish that intranasal administration of CpG ODN 1 day prior to lethal pulmonary exposure to Y. pestis strain KIM D27 significantly improves survival of C57BL/6 mice and reduces bacterial growth in hepatic tissue, despite paradoxically increasing bacterial growth in the lung. All of these CpG ODN-mediated impacts, including the increased pulmonary burden, are TLR9 dependent, as they are not observed in TLR9-deficient mice. The capacity of prophylactic intranasal CpG ODN to enhance survival does not require adaptive immunity, as it is evident in mice lacking B and/or T cells; however, the presence of T cells improves long-term survival. The prophylactic regimen also improves survival and reduces hepatic bacterial burden in mice challenged intraperitoneally with KIM D27, indicating that intranasal delivery of CpG ODN has systemic impacts. Indeed, intranasal prophylaxis with CpG ODN provides significant protection against subcutaneous challenge with Y. pestis strain CO92 even though it fails to protect mice from intranasal challenge with that fully virulent strain.
- Subjects :
- Adjuvants, Immunologic pharmacology
Administration, Intranasal
Animals
Gene Expression Regulation immunology
Liver microbiology
Lung cytology
Lung microbiology
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides pharmacology
Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
Toll-Like Receptor 9 agonists
Toll-Like Receptor 9 genetics
Toll-Like Receptor 9 metabolism
Virulence
Adjuvants, Immunologic administration & dosage
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides administration & dosage
Plague prevention & control
Yersinia pestis immunology
Yersinia pestis pathogenicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1098-5522
- Volume :
- 81
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Infection and immunity
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23545300
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00316-13