Screening, prevention, and ambitious management of diabetic macular edema in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Diabetic macular edema results from progressive retinopathy related to chronic hyperglycemic and inflammatory vascular damage. Loss of vision secondary to diabetic macular edema is the most common cause of vision loss in patients with diabetes. Blood glucose control remains the main means of preventing progression of retinopathy and macular edema. Recent advancements allowing more efficient mechanisms for screening patients and emerging treatments for macular edema have led to improved visual outcomes in this group of patients.