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Persistent organic pollutants meet adipose tissue hypoxia: does cross-talk contribute to inflammation during obesity?
- Source :
-
Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity [Obes Rev] 2014 Jan; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 19-28. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Sep 02. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Lipophilic persistent organic pollutants (POPs) accumulate in lipid-rich tissues such as human adipose tissue. This is particularly problematic in individuals with excess adiposity, a physiological state that may be additionally characterized by local adipose tissue hypoxia. Hypoxic patches occur when oxygen diffusion is insufficient to reach all hypertrophic adipocytes. POPs and hypoxia independently contribute to the development of adipose tissue-specific and systemic inflammation often associated with obesity. Inflammation is induced by increased proinflammatory mediators such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1, as well as reduced adiponectin release, an anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing adipokine. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediates the cellular response to some pollutants, while hypoxia responses occur through the oxygen-sensitive transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1. There is some overlap between the two signalling pathways since both require a common subunit called the AhR nuclear translocator. As such, it is unclear how adipocytes respond to simultaneous POP and hypoxia exposure. This brief review explores the independent contribution of POPs and adipose tissue hypoxia as factors underlying the inflammatory response from adipocytes during obesity. It also highlights that the combined effect of POPs and hypoxia through the AhR and HIF-1 signalling pathways remains to be tested.<br /> (© 2013 The Authors. obesity reviews © 2013 International Association for the Study of Obesity.)
- Subjects :
- Adipose Tissue immunology
Adipose Tissue physiopathology
Adiposity
Animals
Environmental Pollutants adverse effects
Environmental Pollutants immunology
Female
Humans
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit immunology
Inflammation immunology
Male
Obesity immunology
Obesity physiopathology
Polychlorinated Biphenyls adverse effects
Polychlorinated Biphenyls immunology
Rats
Receptor Cross-Talk immunology
Signal Transduction
Adipose Tissue metabolism
Cell Hypoxia immunology
Environmental Pollutants metabolism
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit metabolism
Inflammation Mediators metabolism
Obesity metabolism
Polychlorinated Biphenyls metabolism
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1467-789X
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 23998203
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12086