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Alvimopan accelerates gastrointestinal recovery after radical cystectomy: a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial.
- Source :
-
European urology [Eur Urol] 2014 Aug; Vol. 66 (2), pp. 265-72. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Feb 26. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Background: Radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer is frequently associated with delayed gastrointestinal (GI) recovery that prolongs hospital length of stay (LOS).<br />Objective: To assess the efficacy of alvimopan to accelerate GI recovery after RC.<br />Design, Setting, and Participants: We conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in patients undergoing RC and receiving postoperative intravenous patient-controlled opioid analgesics.<br />Intervention: Oral alvimopan 12 mg (maximum: 15 inpatient doses) versus placebo.<br />Outcome Measurements and Statistical Analysis: The two-component primary end point was time to upper (first tolerance of solid food) and lower (first bowel movement) GI recovery (GI-2). Time to discharge order written, postoperative LOS, postoperative ileus (POI)-related morbidity, opioid consumption, and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated. An independent adjudication of cardiovascular AEs was performed.<br />Results and Limitations: Patients were randomized to alvimopan (n=143) or placebo (n=137); 277 patients were included in the modified intention-to-treat population. The alvimopan cohort experienced quicker GI-2 recovery (5.5 vs 6.8 d; hazard ratio: 1.8; p<0.0001), shorter mean LOS (7.4 vs 10.1 d; p=0.0051), and fewer episodes of POI-related morbidity (8.4% vs 29.1%; p<0.001). The incidence of opioid consumption and AEs or serious AEs (SAEs) was comparable except for POI, which was lower in the alvimopan group (AEs: 7% vs 26%; SAEs: 5% vs 20%, respectively). Cardiovascular AEs occurred in 8.4% (alvimopan) and 15.3% (placebo) of patients (p=0.09). Generalizability may be limited due to the exclusion of epidural analgesia and the inclusion of mostly high-volume centers utilizing open laparotomy.<br />Conclusions: Alvimopan is a useful addition to a standardized care pathway in patients undergoing RC by accelerating GI recovery and shortening LOS, with a safety profile similar to placebo.<br />Patient Summary: This study examined the effects of alvimopan on bowel recovery in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Patients receiving alvimopan experienced quicker bowel recovery and had a shorter hospital stay compared with those who received placebo, with comparable safety.<br />Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00708201.<br /> (Copyright © 2014 European Association of Urology. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Aged
Analgesics, Opioid therapeutic use
Cardiovascular Diseases etiology
Defecation
Double-Blind Method
Eating
Female
Gastrointestinal Agents adverse effects
Humans
Ileus etiology
Length of Stay
Male
Middle Aged
Piperidines adverse effects
Postoperative Care
Prospective Studies
Time Factors
Cystectomy adverse effects
Gastrointestinal Agents therapeutic use
Gastrointestinal Tract physiopathology
Ileus prevention & control
Piperidines therapeutic use
Recovery of Function drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-7560
- Volume :
- 66
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- European urology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24630419
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2014.02.036