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Pilot clinical study of the effects of ginger root extract on eicosanoids in colonic mucosa of subjects at increased risk for colorectal cancer.
- Source :
-
Molecular carcinogenesis [Mol Carcinog] 2015 Sep; Vol. 54 (9), pp. 908-15. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Apr 24. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant cause of mortality. Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX) and thus prostaglandin E2, are promising CRC preventives, but have significant toxicities. Ginger has been shown to inhibit COX, to decrease the incidence and multiplicity of adenomas, and decrease PGE2 concentrations in subjects at normal risk for CRC. This study was conducted to determine the effects of 2.0 g/d of ginger given orally on the levels of PGE2, leukotriene B4 (LTB4), 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids, and 5-, 12-, & 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, in the colonic mucosa of subjects at increased risk for CRC. We randomized 20 subjects to 2.0 g/d ginger or placebo for 28 d. At baseline and Day 28, a flexible sigmoidoscopy was used to obtain colon biopsies. A liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method was used to determine eicosanoid levels in the biopsies, and levels were expressed per amount of protein or free arachidonic acid (AA). There was a significant decrease in AA between baseline and Day 28 (P = 0.05) and significant increase in LTB4 (P = 0.04) when normalized to protein, in subjects treated with ginger versus placebo. No other changes in eicosanoids were observed. There was no difference between the groups in total adverse events (AE; P = 0.06). Ginger lacks the ability to decrease eicosanoid levels in people at increased risk for CRC. Ginger did appear to be both tolerable and safe; and could have chemopreventive effects through other mechanisms. Further investigation should focus on other markers of CRC risk in those at increased CRC risk.<br /> (© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
- Subjects :
- Adult
Aged
Anti-Inflammatory Agents chemistry
Anti-Inflammatory Agents immunology
Anticarcinogenic Agents chemistry
Anticarcinogenic Agents immunology
Anticarcinogenic Agents therapeutic use
Colon drug effects
Colon immunology
Colon pathology
Colorectal Neoplasms pathology
Eicosanoids analysis
Female
Humans
Intestinal Mucosa immunology
Intestinal Mucosa pathology
Male
Middle Aged
Pilot Projects
Plant Extracts adverse effects
Plant Extracts chemistry
Plant Extracts immunology
Rectum drug effects
Rectum immunology
Rectum pathology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use
Colorectal Neoplasms immunology
Colorectal Neoplasms prevention & control
Eicosanoids immunology
Zingiber officinale chemistry
Intestinal Mucosa drug effects
Plant Extracts therapeutic use
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1098-2744
- Volume :
- 54
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Molecular carcinogenesis
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24760534
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.22163