[Empyema that was diagnosed as primary ciliary dyskinesia by electron microscopical image of nasal mucosa].

A patient was 17-year-old. She had a history of repeated pneumonia and sinusitis. She was admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of pneumonia. Although she was prescribed a course of antibiotics, chest roentgenogram and computed tomography showed increased and capselized pleural effusion, suggesting the development of acute empyema. Capsulized effusion and pus in thorax were removed by surgery. A part of lingular segment was raptured necessitating the partial resection of lingular segment. Her postoperative course was well. Her history of repeated pneumonia and sinusitis indicated the existence of primary ciliary dyskinesia, and the biopsy of nasal mucosa was done. The electron microscopical image of nasal mucosa showed defect of inner dynein arm. We made a diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia based on her previous history and electron microscopical image.