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[Effects of hypertonic sodium chloride hydroxyethyl starch solution on cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage and its mechanism].
- Source :
-
Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue [Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue] 2014 Aug; Vol. 26 (8), pp. 589-93. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Objective: To investigate the protective effect and potential mechanisms of hypertonic sodium chloride hydroxyethyl starch solution (HSH) against the cerebral vasospasm (CVS) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).<br />Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to four groups according to the random number table, with 6 rats in each group. The SAH-CVS model was reproduced by injection of the blood twice through the cisterna magna. Rats in both model and HSH treatment groups received 8 mL/kg normal saline (NS) or HSH treatment everyday via caudal vein. Rats in sham group were injected with 1.5 mL/kg NS into cisterna magna followed by 8 mL/kg NS treatment. Rats in normal group received no treatment. Rats were sacrificed to harvest basilar artery after 7 days. The thickness of vessel wall and lumen area were measured using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The rate of apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) was assessed using flow cytometry. Caspase-3 activity was measured by a fluorometric assay. The expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 were determined by Western Blot. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by H2DCFDA.<br />Results: Compared with normal group, increased thickness of vessel wall (27.72 ± 1.94 μm vs. 18.30 ± 1.10 μm, P<0.05), decreased lumen area (26 115 ± 1 991 μm² vs. 55 080 ± 2 091 μm², P<0.05), and elevation of rate of apoptosis of VSMCs [(35.05 ± 5.54) % vs. (5.93 ± 1.53) %, P<0.05] were found in model group. Compared with model group, decreased thickness of vessel wall (22.55 ± 1.50 μm vs. 27.72 ± 1.94 μm, P<0.05), increase of lumen area (48 115 ± 2 460 μm² vs. 26 115 ± 1 991 μm², P<0.05), and depressed rate of apoptosis of VSMCs [(16.54 ± 5.94) % vs. (35.05 ± 5.54) %, P<0.05] were found in HSH treatment group. Caspase-3 activity, intracellular ROS level, Bax and Bcl-2 expressions in model group were (188.40 ± 19.35)%, (163.50 ± 17.02)%, (208.71 ± 26.04)% and (44.52 ± 9.61) % of those of normal group, and the differences of these parameters between model and normal groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Caspase-3 activity, intracellular ROS level, Bax and Bcl-2 expressions in HSH treatment group were (135.05 ± 19.52)%, (119.44 ± 11.50)%, (139.20 ± 18.04)% and (85.35 ± 13.12)% of those of normal group, respectively, and the differences of these parameters between HSH treatment and model groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The differences of all measurements between sham and normal groups were not statistically significant.<br />Conclusions: The current results demonstrate that HSH attenuates the SAH-induced CVS, alleviates thickness of vessel wall, and increases lumen area via inhibition of VSMCs apoptosis.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Apoptosis
Caspase 3 metabolism
Disease Models, Animal
Male
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 metabolism
Random Allocation
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage complications
Vasospasm, Intracranial etiology
bcl-2-Associated X Protein metabolism
Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives pharmacology
Saline Solution, Hypertonic pharmacology
Vasospasm, Intracranial prevention & control
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- Chinese
- ISSN :
- 2095-4352
- Volume :
- 26
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25124911
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4352.2014.08.014