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The identification of the first molluscan Akirin2 with immune defense function in the Hong Kong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis.
- Source :
-
Fish & shellfish immunology [Fish Shellfish Immunol] 2014 Dec; Vol. 41 (2), pp. 455-65. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Oct 02. - Publication Year :
- 2014
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Abstract
- The Akirin protein is a nuclear factor in the innate immune system that is highly conserved from insects to mammals and plays key roles in diverse biological processes, including immunity, myogenesis, development and the cellular stress response. However, the function of Akirins in mollusk, the second most diverse group of animals, is still poorly understood. In this study, we report the discovery of an Akirin2 gene homolog (ChAkirin2) and its biological functions in the Hong Kong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis. ChAkirin2 is 189 amino acids in length and shares significant homology with invertebrate homologs. Phylogenetic analysis results revealed that ChAkirin2 is clustered with invertebrate Akirin2s. A sequence analysis of the 5' flanking regions of ChAkirin2 indicated that it harbors several potential PAMP-activated transcription factor binding sites (TFB), including sites for NF-κB, C/EBPα, AP-1, SRF, Oct-1 and GATA-1. An RT-PCR analysis showed that ChAkirin2 mRNA was ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and at different embryonic and larval stages. Additionally, upon infection by pathogens (Vibrio alginolyticus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs: LPS, PGN and polyI:C), the expression of ChAkirin2 was significantly up-regulated. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy observations show that ChAkirin2 is located in the nuclei of HeLa cells, and the overexpression of ChAkirin2 activated the transcriptional activities of the NF-κB reporter gene in HEK293T cells. Altogether, this report provided the first experimental demonstration that mollusks possess a functional Akirin2 that is involved in the innate defense and embryogenesis processes of the oyster.<br /> (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Analysis of Variance
Animals
Base Sequence
Cloning, Molecular
Cluster Analysis
Crassostrea immunology
Crassostrea microbiology
DNA Primers genetics
HEK293 Cells
HeLa Cells
Hemocytes immunology
Humans
Molecular Sequence Data
NF-kappa B metabolism
Phylogeny
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Repressor Proteins genetics
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Transcriptional Activation genetics
Transcriptional Activation immunology
Bacteria immunology
Crassostrea genetics
Gene Expression Regulation immunology
Immunity, Innate genetics
Nuclear Proteins metabolism
RNA, Messenger metabolism
Repressor Proteins immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1095-9947
- Volume :
- 41
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Fish & shellfish immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25284180
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2014.09.029