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Racial discrimination's influence on smoking rates among American Indian Alaska Native two-spirit individuals: does pain play a role?
- Source :
-
Journal of health care for the poor and underserved [J Health Care Poor Underserved] 2014 Nov; Vol. 25 (4), pp. 1667-78. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- High rates of racial discrimination and non-ceremonial tobacco smoking exist among American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) Two-Spirit/LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender) populations. The authors examined whether or not pain mediates between racial discrimination and smoking among Two-Spirits. Two-Spirit adults (n=447) from seven urban U.S. locations were surveyed during the HONOR project. The Indigenist stress coping model was used as framework in which to conduct descriptive, bivariate and regression analyses. A majority of the participants reported smoking (45.2%) and pain (57%). Pain was found to mediate the association between racial discrimination and smoking. Racial discrimination appears to be a significant factor influencing tobacco smoking and health behaviors within Two-Spirit populations. Effective tobacco cessation and/or prevention planning for Two-Spirits and others who experience frequent racial discrimination, stress, and trauma should also consider the influence of pain. Pain may serve as the embodiment of discrimination, and this possibility requires future research
- Subjects :
- Adult
Alaska epidemiology
Female
Homosexuality psychology
Homosexuality statistics & numerical data
Humans
Indians, North American statistics & numerical data
Male
Pain epidemiology
Pain ethnology
Pain psychology
Smoking epidemiology
Smoking psychology
Smoking Cessation ethnology
Smoking Cessation psychology
Smoking Cessation statistics & numerical data
Stress, Psychological complications
Stress, Psychological epidemiology
Stress, Psychological ethnology
Homosexuality ethnology
Indians, North American psychology
Pain complications
Racism psychology
Smoking ethnology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1548-6869
- Volume :
- 25
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of health care for the poor and underserved
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25418234
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2014.0193