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Symptom dimensions are associated with reward processing in unmedicated persons at risk for psychosis.

Symptom dimensions are associated with reward processing in unmedicated persons at risk for psychosis.

Authors :
Wotruba D
Heekeren K
Michels L
Buechler R
Simon JJ
Theodoridou A
Kollias S
Rössler W
Kaiser S
Source :
Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience [Front Behav Neurosci] 2014 Nov 18; Vol. 8, pp. 382. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Nov 18 (Print Publication: 2014).
Publication Year :
2014

Abstract

There is growing evidence that reward processing is disturbed in schizophrenia. However, it is uncertain whether this dysfunction predates or is secondary to the onset of psychosis. Studying 21 unmedicated persons at risk for psychosis plus 24 healthy controls (HCs) we used a incentive delay paradigm with monetary rewards during functional magnetic resonance imaging. During processing of reward information, at-risk individuals performed similarly well to controls and recruited the same brain areas. However, while anticipating rewards, the high-risk sample exhibited additional activation in the posterior cingulate cortex, and the medio- and superior frontal gyrus, whereas no significant group differences were found after rewards were administered. Importantly, symptom dimensions were differentially associated with anticipation and outcome of the reward. Positive symptoms were correlated with the anticipation signal in the ventral striatum (VS) and the right anterior insula (rAI). Negative symptoms were inversely linked to outcome-related signal within the VS, and depressive symptoms to outcome-related signal within the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC). Our findings provide evidence for a reward-associated dysregulation that can be compensated by recruitment of additional prefrontal areas. We propose that stronger activations within VS and rAI when anticipating a reward reflect abnormal processing of potential future rewards. Moreover, according to the aberrant salience theory of psychosis, this may predispose a person to positive symptoms. Additionally, we report evidence that negative and depressive symptoms are differentially associated with the receipt of a reward, which might demonstrate a broader vulnerability to motivational and affective symptoms in persons at-risk for psychosis.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1662-5153
Volume :
8
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
25477792
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00382