Ideal cardiovascular health predicts functional status independently of vascular events: the Northern Manhattan Study.

Background: We hypothesized that the American Heart Association's metric of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) predicts improved long-term functional status after adjusting for incident stroke and myocardial infarction.
Methods and Results: In the prospective, multiethnic Northern Manhattan Study, stroke-free individuals in northern Manhattan aged ≥40 years had annual assessments of the primary outcome of functional status with the Barthel index (BI), for a median of 13 years. Ideal CVH was calculated as a composite of 7 measures, each scored on a scale of 0 to 2. Primary predictors were (1) number of ideal CVH metrics, and (2) total score of all CVH metrics. Of 3219 participants, mean age was 69 years (SD 10), 63% were female, 21% were white, 25% were non-Hispanic black, and 54% were Hispanic. Twenty percent had 0 to 1 ideal CVH metrics, 32% had 2, 30% had 3, 14% had 4, and 4% had 5 to 7. Both number of ideal CVH categories and higher CVH metric scores were associated with higher mean BI scores at 5 and 10 years. 0047 Gradients persisted when results were adjusted for incident stroke and myocardial infarction, when mobility and nonmobility domains of the BI were analyzed separately, and when BI was analyzed dichotomously. At 10 years, in a fully adjusted model, differences in mean BI score were lower for poor versus ideal physical activity (3.48 points, P<0.0001) and fasting glucose (4.58 points, P<0.0001).
Conclusions: Ideal CVH predicts functional status, even after accounting for incident vascular events. Vascular functional impairment is an important outcome that can be reduced by optimizing vascular health.
(© 2015 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell.)