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Convergent losses of decay mechanisms and rapid turnover of symbiosis genes in mycorrhizal mutualists.
- Source :
-
Nature genetics [Nat Genet] 2015 Apr; Vol. 47 (4), pp. 410-5. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Feb 23. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- To elucidate the genetic bases of mycorrhizal lifestyle evolution, we sequenced new fungal genomes, including 13 ectomycorrhizal (ECM), orchid (ORM) and ericoid (ERM) species, and five saprotrophs, which we analyzed along with other fungal genomes. Ectomycorrhizal fungi have a reduced complement of genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading enzymes (PCWDEs), as compared to their ancestral wood decayers. Nevertheless, they have retained a unique array of PCWDEs, thus suggesting that they possess diverse abilities to decompose lignocellulose. Similar functional categories of nonorthologous genes are induced in symbiosis. Of induced genes, 7-38% are orphan genes, including genes that encode secreted effector-like proteins. Convergent evolution of the mycorrhizal habit in fungi occurred via the repeated evolution of a 'symbiosis toolkit', with reduced numbers of PCWDEs and lineage-specific suites of mycorrhiza-induced genes.
- Subjects :
- Base Sequence
Evolution, Molecular
Gene Deletion
Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal genetics
Molecular Sequence Data
Mycorrhizae pathogenicity
Phylogeny
Plant Diseases genetics
Plant Diseases microbiology
Plant Roots microbiology
Genome, Fungal genetics
Mycorrhizae genetics
Selection, Genetic
Symbiosis genetics
Virulence genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1546-1718
- Volume :
- 47
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature genetics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 25706625
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3223