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Simvastatin mitigates increases in risk factors for and the occurrence of cardiac disease following 10 Gy total body irradiation.

Authors :
Lenarczyk M
Su J
Haworth ST
Komorowski R
Fish BL
Migrino RQ
Harmann L
Hopewell JW
Kronenberg A
Patel S
Moulder JE
Baker JE
Source :
Pharmacology research & perspectives [Pharmacol Res Perspect] 2015 Jun; Vol. 3 (3), pp. e00145. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jun 01.
Publication Year :
2015

Abstract

The ability of simvastatin to mitigate the increases in risk factors for and the occurrence of cardiac disease after 10 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) was determined. This radiation dose is relevant to conditioning for stem cell transplantation and threats from radiological terrorism. Male rats received single dose TBI of 10 Gy. Age-matched, sham-irradiated rats served as controls. Lipid profile, heart and liver morphology and cardiac mechanical function were determined for up to 120 days after irradiation. TBI resulted in a sustained increase in total- and LDL-cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol), and triglycerides. Simvastatin (10 mg/kg body weight/day) administered continuously from 9 days after irradiation mitigated TBI-induced increases in total- and LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as liver injury. TBI resulted in cellular peri-arterial fibrosis, whereas control hearts had less collagen and fibrosis. Simvastatin mitigated these morphological injuries. TBI resulted in cardiac mechanical dysfunction. Simvastatin mitigated cardiac mechanical dysfunction 20-120 days following TBI. To determine whether simvastatin affects the ability of the heart to withstand stress after TBI, injury from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion was determined in vitro. TBI increased the severity of an induced myocardial infarction at 20 and 80 days after irradiation. Simvastatin mitigated the severity of this myocardial infarction at 20 and 80 days following TBI. It is concluded simvastatin mitigated the increases in risk factors for cardiac disease and the extent of cardiac disease following TBI. This statin may be developed as a medical countermeasure for the mitigation of radiation-induced cardiac disease.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2052-1707
Volume :
3
Issue :
3
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Pharmacology research & perspectives
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
26171225
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.145