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Protective Pleiotropic Effect of Flavonoids on NAD⁺ Levels in Endothelial Cells Exposed to High Glucose.
- Source :
-
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity [Oxid Med Cell Longev] 2015; Vol. 2015, pp. 894597. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jun 09. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- NAD(+) is important for oxidative metabolism by serving as an electron transporter. Hyperglycemia decreases NAD(+) levels by activation of the polyol pathway and by overactivation of poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP). We examined the protective role of three structurally related flavonoids (rutin, quercetin, and flavone) during high glucose conditions in an in vitro model using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Additionally we assessed the ability of these flavonoids to inhibit aldose reductase enzyme activity. We have previously shown that flavonoids can inhibit PARP activation. Extending these studies, we here provide evidence that flavonoids are also able to protect endothelial cells against a high glucose induced decrease in NAD(+). In addition, we established that flavonoids are able to inhibit aldose reductase, the key enzyme in the polyol pathway. We conclude that this protective effect of flavonoids on NAD(+) levels is a combination of the flavonoids ability to inhibit both PARP activation and aldose reductase enzyme activity. This study shows that flavonoids, by a combination of effects, maintain the redox state of the cell during hyperglycemia. This mode of action enables flavonoids to ameliorate diabetic complications.
- Subjects :
- Aldehyde Reductase metabolism
Animals
Flavones pharmacology
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Humans
Lens, Crystalline drug effects
Lens, Crystalline enzymology
Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases metabolism
Quercetin pharmacology
Rutin pharmacology
Swine
Apoptosis drug effects
Flavonoids pharmacology
Glucose toxicity
NAD metabolism
Protective Agents pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1942-0994
- Volume :
- 2015
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 26180598
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/894597