Nonneoplastic Neuroma After Radical Prostatectomy Is Not a Mimicker of Lymph Node Metastases on 68Ga-PSMA Ligand PET/CT.

Traumatic neuroma is frequently observed after surgery. PSMA expression has been demonstrated in neoplastic nerve sheath tumors, which may mimic metastases on PSMA imaging. In this case, histopathologic evaluation of a pelvic lesion with assumed intense tracer uptake on Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT in a patient with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer revealed an amputation neuroma. However, immunohistochemical evaluation showed absent PSMA expression, and follow-up PET confirmed persistence of the metastasis. Unlike neoplastic nerve sheath tumors, traumatic neuroma does not show PSMA expression and is not a mimicker of metastases on Ga-PSMA PET/CT.