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Effects of different orthodontic retention protocols on the periodontal health of mandibular incisors.
- Source :
-
Orthodontics & craniofacial research [Orthod Craniofac Res] 2016 Nov; Vol. 19 (4), pp. 198-208. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Sep 20. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Objectives: To test the following two hypotheses: 1) different types of retainers result in distinct levels of biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and 2) the retainer bonded to all mandibular anterior teeth induces more detrimental outcomes to the periodontium.<br />Setting and Sample Population: The Department of Orthodontics at the University of Florida. The population consisted of individuals in the retention phase of orthodontic treatment.<br />Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 36 individuals. Subjects in group 1 had retainers bonded to the mandibular canines only. Group 2 consisted of individuals having retainers bonded to all mandibular anterior teeth. Group 3 included patients using mandibular removable retainers. After clinical examination, GCF was collected from the mandibular incisor and biomarker levels were compared between the groups.<br />Results: Plaque accumulation and gingivitis differed significantly among groups, with the highest median values in group 2 subjects. Pairwise comparison of the groups with respect to gingivitis showed significant differences between groups 1 and 2. Significant differences among groups were detected for RANKL, OPG, OPN, M-CSF, MMP-3, and MMP-9. The ratio RANKL/OPG was significantly higher in group 2 subjects, with pairwise comparisons indicating that groups 1 and 2 differed from group 3.<br />Conclusion: An association was found between orthodontic retention groups and GCF biomarker levels, which should be further explored in longitudinal studies. The presence of retainers bonded to all anterior teeth seems to increase plaque accumulation and gingivitis.<br /> (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Cross-Sectional Studies
Cuspid
Dental Plaque Index
Female
Humans
Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein chemistry
Interleukin-1beta chemistry
Interleukin-6 chemistry
Interleukin-8 chemistry
Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor chemistry
Male
Mandible
Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 chemistry
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 chemistry
Middle Aged
Orthodontic Appliance Design
Osteopontin chemistry
Osteoprotegerin chemistry
Periodontal Index
RANK Ligand chemistry
Biomarkers chemistry
Dental Bonding adverse effects
Dental Bonding methods
Dental Plaque etiology
Gingival Crevicular Fluid chemistry
Gingival Recession etiology
Gingivitis etiology
Incisor pathology
Incisor physiopathology
Orthodontic Retainers adverse effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1601-6343
- Volume :
- 19
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Orthodontics & craniofacial research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 27647720
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.12129