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Effects of loading concentration, blood and synovial fluid on antibiotic release and anti-biofilm activity of bone cement beads.
- Source :
-
Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society [J Control Release] 2017 Feb 28; Vol. 248, pp. 24-32. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jan 10. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Antibiotic loaded cement beads are commonly used for the treatment of biofilm related orthopaedic periprosthetic infections; however the effects of antibiotic loading and exposure of beads to body fluids on release kinetics are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of (i) antibiotic loading density (ii) loading amount (iii) material type and (iv) exposure to body fluids (blood or synovial fluid) on release kinetics and efficacy of antibiotics against planktonic and lawn biofilm bacteria. Short-term release into an agar gel was evaluated using a fluorescent tracer (fluorescein) incorporated in the carrier materials calcium sulfate (CaSO <subscript>4</subscript> ) and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA). Different fluorescein concentrations in CaSO <subscript>4</subscript> beads were evaluated. Mechanical properties of fluorescein-incorporated beads were analyzed. Efficacy of the antibiotics vancomycin (VAN) or tobramycin (TOB) alone and in combination was evaluated against lawn biofilms of bioluminescent strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Zones of inhibition of cultures (ZOI) were measured visually and using an in-vivo imaging system (IVIS). The influence of body fluids on release was assessed using CaSO <subscript>4</subscript> beads that contained fluorescein or antibiotics and were pre-coated with human blood or synovial fluid. The spread from the beads followed a square root of time relationship in all cases. The loading concentration had no influence on short-term fluorescein release and pre-coating of beads with body fluids did not affect short-term release or antibacterial activity. Compared to PMMA, CaSO <subscript>4</subscript> had a more rapid short term rate of elution and activity against planktonic and lawn biofilms. This study highlights the importance of considering antibiotic loading and packing density when investigating the clinical application of bone cements for infection management.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology
Calcium Sulfate chemistry
Humans
Polymethyl Methacrylate chemistry
Pseudomonas Infections drug therapy
Pseudomonas aeruginosa drug effects
Staphylococcal Infections drug therapy
Staphylococcus aureus drug effects
Tobramycin pharmacology
Vancomycin pharmacology
Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage
Biofilms drug effects
Bone Cements chemistry
Drug Carriers chemistry
Tobramycin administration & dosage
Vancomycin administration & dosage
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-4995
- Volume :
- 248
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28087408
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.01.005