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Postmenopausal Women With Greater Paracardial Fat Have More Coronary Artery Calcification Than Premenopausal Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) Cardiovascular Fat Ancillary Study.
- Source :
-
Journal of the American Heart Association [J Am Heart Assoc] 2017 Jan 29; Vol. 6 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jan 29. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Background: Volumes of paracardial adipose tissue (PAT) and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) are greater after menopause. Interestingly, PAT but not EAT is associated with estradiol decline, suggesting a potential role of menopause in PAT accumulation. We assessed whether volumes of heart fat depot (EAT and PAT) were associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC) in women at midlife and whether these associations were modified by menopausal status and estradiol levels.<br />Methods and Results: EAT and PAT volumes and CAC were measured using electron beam computed tomography scans. CAC was evaluated as (1) the presence of CAC (CAC Agatston score ≥10) and (2) the extent of any CAC (log CAC Agatston score >0). The study included 478 women aged 50.9 years (58% pre- or early perimenopausal, 10% late perimenopausal, and 32% postmenopausal). EAT was significantly associated with CAC measures, and these associations were not modified by menopausal status or estradiol. In contrast, associations between PAT and CAC measures were modified by menopausal status (interaction-P≤0.01). Independent of study covariates including other adiposity measures, each 1-SD unit increase in log PAT was associated with 102% higher risk of CAC presence (P=0.04) and an 80% increase in CAC extent (P=0.008) in postmenopausal women compared with pre- or early perimenopausal women. Additional adjustment for estradiol and hormone therapy attenuated these differences. Moreover, the association between PAT and CAC extent was stronger in women with lower estradiol levels (interaction P=0.004).<br />Conclusions: The findings suggest that PAT is a potential menopause-specific coronary artery disease risk marker, supporting the need to monitor and target this fat depot for intervention in women at midlife.<br /> (© 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell.)
- Subjects :
- Adipose Tissue diagnostic imaging
Adult
Body Mass Index
Coronary Angiography methods
Coronary Artery Disease diagnosis
Coronary Artery Disease etiology
Disease Progression
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Incidence
Middle Aged
Pericardium diagnostic imaging
Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
United States epidemiology
Vascular Calcification diagnosis
Vascular Calcification epidemiology
Adiposity physiology
Coronary Artery Disease epidemiology
Coronary Vessels diagnostic imaging
Postmenopause
Premenopause
Vascular Calcification complications
Women's Health
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2047-9980
- Volume :
- 6
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of the American Heart Association
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28137715
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.116.004545