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High Salt Intake Is Associated with Atrophic Gastritis with Intestinal Metaplasia.
- Source :
-
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology [Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev] 2017 Jul; Vol. 26 (7), pp. 1133-1138. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Mar 24. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Background: Although several studies have investigated excessive salt intake as a risk factor for gastric precancerous lesions, such as atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, the evidence is insufficient to make a conclusion. We evaluated the association between gastric precancerous lesions and salt intake. Methods: From 2008 to 2015, the medical records of 728 subjects who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and sodium excretion in 24-hour urine tests were retrospectively reviewed. Sixty-six subjects were excluded due to diuretics use ( n = 55), diagnosis with a gastric neoplasm ( n = 4), or the cases of intestinal metaplasia in the absence of atrophy ( n = 7), so 662 subjects were included. Atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia were diagnosed by endoscopic findings. The subjects were grouped into three levels by tertiles of 24-hour urine sodium excretion. Results: A total of 192 (29.0%) had atrophic gastritis without intestinal metaplasia and 112 (16.9%) had atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia. A total of 276 subjects (61.5%) were infected with Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ). In multivariate analyses, H. pylori infection [OR = 14.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), 7.12-28.22) was associated with atrophic gastritis without intestinal metaplasia. Highest levels of sodium excretion (OR = 2.870; 95% CI, 1.34-6.14), heavy smoking (≥20 pack-years) (OR = 2.75; 95% CI, 1.02-7.39), and H. pylori infection (OR = 3.96; 95% CI, 2.02-7.76) were associated with atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia. Conclusions: Our endoscopy-based study suggested that high salt intake could be associated with an increased risk of atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia. Impact: Low salt diet might be helpful to prevent gastric carcinogenesis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(7); 1133-8. ©2017 AACR .<br /> (©2017 American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Subjects :
- Adult
Aged
Biopsy
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
Female
Gastric Mucosa diagnostic imaging
Gastric Mucosa microbiology
Gastric Mucosa pathology
Gastritis, Atrophic chemically induced
Gastritis, Atrophic diagnostic imaging
Gastritis, Atrophic microbiology
Helicobacter Infections diagnostic imaging
Helicobacter Infections microbiology
Helicobacter pylori isolation & purification
Humans
Intestinal Mucosa diagnostic imaging
Male
Metaplasia chemically induced
Metaplasia diagnostic imaging
Metaplasia epidemiology
Middle Aged
Renal Elimination
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Sodium Chloride, Dietary urine
Urinalysis methods
Gastritis, Atrophic epidemiology
Helicobacter Infections epidemiology
Intestinal Mucosa pathology
Sodium Chloride, Dietary adverse effects
Stomach Neoplasms prevention & control
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1538-7755
- Volume :
- 26
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28341758
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-1024