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The malleable gut microbiome of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Diet-dependent shifts of bacterial community structures.
- Source :
-
PloS one [PLoS One] 2017 May 12; Vol. 12 (5), pp. e0177735. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 May 12 (Print Publication: 2017). - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Plant-derived protein sources are the most relevant substitutes for fishmeal in aquafeeds. Nevertheless, the effects of plant based diets on the intestinal microbiome especially of juvenile Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are yet to be fully investigated. The present study demonstrates, based on 16S rDNA bacterial community profiling, that the intestinal microbiome of juvenile Rainbow trout is strongly affected by dietary plant protein inclusion levels. After first feeding of juveniles with either 0%, 50% or 97% of total dietary protein content derived from plants, statistically significant differences of the bacterial gut community for the three diet-types were detected, both at phylum and order level. The microbiome of juvenile fish consisted mainly of the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria and Actinobacteria, and thus fits the salmonid core microbiome suggested in previous studies. Dietary plant proteins significantly enhanced the relative abundance of the orders Lactobacillales, Bacillales and Pseudomonadales. Animal proteins in contrast significantly promoted Bacteroidales, Clostridiales, Vibrionales, Fusobacteriales and Alteromonadales. The overall alpha diversity significantly decreased with increasing plant protein inclusion levels and with age of experimental animals. In order to investigate permanent effects of the first feeding diet-type on the early development of the microbiome, a diet change was included in the study after 54 days, but no such effects could be detected. Instead, the microbiome of juvenile trout fry was highly dependent on the actual diet fed at the time of sampling.
- Subjects :
- Alteromonadaceae genetics
Alteromonadaceae isolation & purification
Animal Feed
Animals
Bacillales genetics
Bacillales isolation & purification
Bacteroides genetics
Bacteroides isolation & purification
Clostridiales genetics
Clostridiales isolation & purification
DNA, Ribosomal genetics
Diet
Fusobacterium genetics
Fusobacterium isolation & purification
Gastrointestinal Microbiome genetics
Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology
Oncorhynchus mykiss microbiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1932-6203
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28498878
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177735