Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) of patients with renal dysfunction in CT examination.

Purpose: To investigate the incidence and risk factors of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) after contrast enhanced (CE) computed tomography (CT) in patients with renal dysfunction.
Materials and Methods: Two hundred sixteen inpatients with estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m ² underwent CE CT using iodine doses of 420 or 480 mg I/kg. Data of all enrolled patients was collected for baseline serum creatinine level (SCr), post-CE CT SCr within 3 days after CE CT, and conditions considered risk factors for CIN [renal dysfunction, contrast media dose, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, no intravenous hydration, cardiac dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction <60%) and intensive-care unit (ICU) admission]. CIN was defined as an increase in SCr level of more than 0.5 mg/dl or more than 25% from baseline within 3 days post-CE CT without any other identifiable cause of acute kidney injury.
Results: The incidence of CIN was 11/216 (5.1%) and was associated with cardiac dysfunction [odds ratio (OR) 6.540; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.090-39.300; p = 0.040] and ICU admission (OR 11.500; 95% CI 2.050-64.100; p = 0.005).
Conclusion: Our results suggested that cardiac dysfunction and ICU admission may be risk factors for CIN in patients with preexisting renal dysfunction.