Development and validation of the Pachinko/Pachi-Slot Playing Ambivalence Scale.

Authors :: Komoto Y
Shoun A
Akiyama K
Sakamoto A
Sato T
Nishimura N
Shinohara K
Ishida H
Makino N
Source :: Asian journal of gambling issues and public health [Asian J Gambl Issues Public Health] 2017; Vol. 7 (1), pp. 3. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 May 12.
Publication Year :: 2017
Abstract: Background: A scale aimed at measuring ambivalence among people with pachinko/pachi-slot playing disorder, the Pachinko/Pachi-Slot Playing Ambivalence Scale (PPAS), was developed and its reliability and validity ascertained.<br />Methods: A total of 522 participants (average year: 48.0) who were residing in Tokyo Metropolitan Area, and had played pachinko within the previous year completed questions relating to demographics, four gambling-related scales (including South Oaks Gambling Screen) and two general ambivalence scales (including Ambivalence over Emotional Expressiveness Questionnaire).<br />Results: Internal consistency (α = 0.87) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.66) were confirmed. The PPAS's score was associated with each related scale's score (r = 0.37-0.62).<br />Conclusions: The PPAS was shown to be consistent with previous scales and useful in clinical settings.

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