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Mechanisms of bile acid mediated inflammation in the liver.
- Source :
-
Molecular aspects of medicine [Mol Aspects Med] 2017 Aug; Vol. 56, pp. 45-53. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jul 01. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Bile acids are synthesized in the liver and are the major component in bile. Impaired bile flow leads to cholestasis that is characterized by elevated levels of bile acid in the liver and serum, followed by hepatocyte and biliary injury. Although the causes of cholestasis have been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms as to how bile acids initiate liver injury remain controversial. In this chapter, we summarize recent advances in the pathogenesis of bile acid induced liver injury. These include bile acid signaling pathways in hepatocytes as well as the response of cholangiocytes and innate immune cells in the liver in both patients with cholestasis and cholestatic animal models. We focus on how bile acids trigger the production of molecular mediators of neutrophil recruitment and the role of the inflammatory response in this pathological process. These advances point to a number of novel targets where drugs might be judged to be effective therapies for cholestatic liver injury.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Bile Acids and Salts immunology
Bile Acids and Salts metabolism
Carrier Proteins genetics
Carrier Proteins metabolism
Cholestasis genetics
Cholestasis immunology
Cholestasis pathology
Cytokines genetics
Cytokines immunology
Hepatocytes drug effects
Hepatocytes pathology
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Inflammation
Liver drug effects
Liver immunology
Liver injuries
Macrophages drug effects
Macrophages immunology
Macrophages pathology
Membrane Glycoproteins genetics
Membrane Glycoproteins metabolism
Mice
Neutrophils drug effects
Neutrophils pathology
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear genetics
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear metabolism
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled genetics
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled metabolism
Bile Acids and Salts toxicity
Cholestasis metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation
Hepatocytes metabolism
Liver metabolism
Neutrophils immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1872-9452
- Volume :
- 56
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Molecular aspects of medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28606651
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2017.06.001