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Characterization of the superior olivary complex of Canis lupus domesticus.
- Source :
-
Hearing research [Hear Res] 2017 Aug; Vol. 351, pp. 130-140. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jun 15. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- The superior olivary complex (SOC) is a collection of brainstem auditory nuclei which play essential roles in the localization of sound sources, temporal coding of vocalizations and descending modulation of the cochlea. Notwithstanding, the SOC nuclei vary considerably between species in accordance with the auditory needs of the animal. The canine SOC was subjected to anatomical and physiological examination nearly 50 years ago and was then virtually forgotten. Herein, we aimed to characterize the nuclei of the canine SOC using quantitative morphometrics, estimation of neuronal number, histochemistry for perineuronal nets and immunofluorescence for the calcium binding proteins calbindin and calretinin. We found the principal nuclei to be extremely well developed: the lateral superior olive (LSO) contained over 20,000 neurons and the medial superior olive (MSO) contained over 15,000 neurons. In nearly all non-chiropterian terrestrial mammals, the MSO exists as a thin, vertical column of neurons. The canine MSO was folded into a U-shaped contour and had associated with the ventromedial tip a small, round collection of neurons we termed the tail nucleus of the MSO. Further, we found evidence within the LSO, MSO and medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) for significant morphological variations along the mediolateral or rostrocaudal axes. Finally, the majority of MNTB neurons were calbindin-immunopositive and associated with calretinin-immunopositive calyceal terminals. Together, these observations suggest the canine SOC complies with the basic plan of the mammalian SOC but possesses a number of unique anatomical features.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Auditory Pathways physiology
Auditory Perception
Biomarkers metabolism
Calbindin 2 metabolism
Calbindins metabolism
Cell Shape
Dogs
Female
Hearing
Male
Nerve Net metabolism
Neurons metabolism
Superior Olivary Complex cytology
Superior Olivary Complex metabolism
Trapezoid Body physiology
Nerve Net physiology
Neurons physiology
Superior Olivary Complex physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1878-5891
- Volume :
- 351
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Hearing research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28633959
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2017.06.010