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Short-term selection for high and low ethanol intake yields differential sensitivity to ethanol's motivational effects and anxiety-like responses in adolescent Wistar rats.
- Source :
-
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry [Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry] 2017 Oct 03; Vol. 79 (Pt B), pp. 220-233. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jun 27. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Alcohol use disorders are modulated by genetic factors, but the identification of specific genes and their concomitant biological changes that are associated with a higher risk for these disorders has proven difficult. Alterations in the sensitivity to the motivational effects of ethanol may be one way by which genes modulate the initiation and escalation of ethanol intake. Rats and mice have been selectively bred for high and low ethanol consumption during adulthood. However, selective breeding programs for ethanol intake have not focused on adolescence. This phase of development is associated with the initiation and escalation of ethanol intake and characterized by an increase in the sensitivity to ethanol's appetitive effects and a decrease in the sensitivity to ethanol's aversive effects compared with adulthood. The present study performed short-term behavioral selection to select rat lines that diverge in the expression of ethanol drinking during adolescence. A progenitor nucleus of Wistar rats (F <subscript>0</subscript> ) and filial generation 1 (F <subscript>1</subscript> ), F <subscript>2</subscript> , and F <subscript>3</subscript> adolescent rats were derived from parents that were selected for high (STDRHI) and low (STDRLO) ethanol consumption during adolescence and were tested for ethanol intake and responsivity to ethanol's motivational effects. STDRHI rats exhibited significantly greater ethanol intake and preference than STDRLO rats. Compared with STDRLO rats, STDRHI F <subscript>2</subscript> and F <subscript>3</subscript> rats exhibited a blunted response to ethanol in the conditioned taste aversion test. F <subscript>2</subscript> and F <subscript>3</subscript> STDRHI rats but not STDRLO rats exhibited ethanol-induced motor stimulation. STDRHI rats exhibited avoidance of the white compartment of the light-dark box, a reduction of locomotion, and a reduction of saccharin consumption, suggesting an anxiety-prone phenotype. The results suggest that the genetic risk for enhanced ethanol intake during adolescence is associated with lower sensitivity to the aversive effects of ethanol, heightened reactivity to ethanol's stimulating effects, and enhanced innate anxiety.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Alcohol-Related Disorders physiopathology
Animals
Feeding Behavior physiology
Female
Male
Motivation physiology
Motor Activity physiology
Phenotype
Rats, Wistar
Saccharin
Selective Breeding
Time Factors
Anxiety physiopathology
Central Nervous System Depressants adverse effects
Ethanol adverse effects
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Motivation drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1878-4216
- Volume :
- 79
- Issue :
- Pt B
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28663116
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.06.027