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The toxic influence of dibromoacetic acid on the hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex of rat: involvement of neuroinflammation response and oxidative stress.
- Source :
-
Metabolic brain disease [Metab Brain Dis] 2017 Dec; Vol. 32 (6), pp. 2009-2019. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Aug 26. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Dibromoacetic acid (DBA) exsits in drinking water as a by-product of disinfection as a result of chlorination or ozonation processes. Hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex are the key structures in memory formation and weanling babies are more sensitive to environmental toxicant than adults, so this study was conducted to evaluate the potential neurotoxicity effects of DBA exposure when administered intragastrically for 4 weeks to weanling Sprague-Dawley rats, at concentration of 0, 20, 50, 125 mg/kg via the neurobehavioral and neurochemical effects. Results indicated that animals weight gain and food consumption were not significantly affected by DBA. However, morris water maze test showed varying degrees of changes between control and high-dose group. Additionally, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex of rats increased significantly. The activities of total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the glutathione (GSH) content in the hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex of rats decreased significantly after treatment with DBA. Treatment with DBA increased the protein and mRNA expression of Iba-1, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and HO-1 in the hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex of rats. These data suggested that DBA had a toxic influence on the hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex of rats, and that the mechanism of toxicity might be associated with the neuroinflammation response and oxidative stress.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Female
Glutathione metabolism
Hippocampus metabolism
Lipid Peroxidation drug effects
Male
Malondialdehyde metabolism
Maze Learning drug effects
Prefrontal Cortex metabolism
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism
Superoxide Dismutase metabolism
Acetates pharmacology
Encephalitis metabolism
Hippocampus drug effects
Oxidative Stress drug effects
Prefrontal Cortex drug effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-7365
- Volume :
- 32
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Metabolic brain disease
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28844098
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-017-0095-0