A population-based study of prognosis and survival in patients with second primary thyroid cancer after Hodgkin lymphoma.

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors are at increased risk of thyroid cancer (TC). We sought to determine whether increased risks of high-risk pathology or mortality are seen with thyroid cancer after HL (HL-TC) compared with first primary thyroid cancer (TC-1). From the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry, we compared patient and tumor characteristics as well as survival outcomes between HL-TC and TC-1 and fit a multivariable Cox model to assess for a possible association between HL history and overall survival after TC. Among 139,297 TC-1 and 174 HL-TC patients, history of HL was not associated with anaplastic or sarcoma TC. Multivariable analyzes showed that history of HL was not associated with a difference in risk of death after TC (hazard ratio: 0.96, 95% confidence interval: (0.81, 1.13), p = .61). Despite a significantly increased risk of TC among HL survivors, prior HL is not associated with more aggressive pathologic subtypes or worse prognosis.