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Bacterial d-amino acids suppress sinonasal innate immunity through sweet taste receptors in solitary chemosensory cells.
- Source :
-
Science signaling [Sci Signal] 2017 Sep 05; Vol. 10 (495). Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 05. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- In the upper respiratory epithelium, bitter and sweet taste receptors present in solitary chemosensory cells influence antimicrobial innate immune defense responses. Whereas activation of bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) stimulates surrounding epithelial cells to release antimicrobial peptides, activation of the sweet taste receptor (T1R) in the same cells inhibits this response. This mechanism is thought to control the magnitude of antimicrobial peptide release based on the sugar content of airway surface liquid. We hypothesized that d-amino acids, which are produced by various bacteria and activate T1R in taste receptor cells in the mouth, may also activate T1R in the airway. We showed that both the T1R2 and T1R3 subunits of the sweet taste receptor (T1R2/3) were present in the same chemosensory cells of primary human sinonasal epithelial cultures. Respiratory isolates of Staphylococcus species, but not Pseudomonas aeruginosa , produced at least two d-amino acids that activate the sweet taste receptor. In addition to inhibiting P. aeruginosa biofilm formation, d-amino acids derived from Staphylococcus inhibited T2R-mediated signaling and defensin secretion in sinonasal cells by activating T1R2/3. d-Amino acid-mediated activation of T1R2/3 also enhanced epithelial cell death during challenge with Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of the bitter receptor-activating compound denatonium benzoate. These data establish a potential mechanism for interkingdom signaling in the airway mediated by bacterial d-amino acids and the mammalian sweet taste receptor in airway chemosensory cells.<br /> (Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
- Subjects :
- Amino Acids biosynthesis
Cells, Cultured
Chemoreceptor Cells drug effects
Chemoreceptor Cells metabolism
Humans
Nasal Mucosa drug effects
Nasal Mucosa metabolism
Paranasal Sinuses drug effects
Paranasal Sinuses metabolism
Pseudomonas aeruginosa drug effects
Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolation & purification
Pseudomonas aeruginosa physiology
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled metabolism
Staphylococcus aureus drug effects
Staphylococcus aureus isolation & purification
Staphylococcus aureus physiology
Amino Acids metabolism
Chemoreceptor Cells immunology
Immunity, Innate
Nasal Mucosa immunology
Paranasal Sinuses immunology
Taste physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1937-9145
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 495
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Science signaling
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28874606
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aam7703