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Inward H + pump xenorhodopsin: Mechanism and alternative optogenetic approach.
- Source :
-
Science advances [Sci Adv] 2017 Sep 22; Vol. 3 (9), pp. e1603187. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 22 (Print Publication: 2017). - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Generation of an electrochemical proton gradient is the first step of cell bioenergetics. In prokaryotes, the gradient is created by outward membrane protein proton pumps. Inward plasma membrane native proton pumps are yet unknown. We describe comprehensive functional studies of the representatives of the yet noncharacterized xenorhodopsins from Nanohaloarchaea family of microbial rhodopsins. They are inward proton pumps as we demonstrate in model membrane systems, Escherichia coli cells, human embryonic kidney cells, neuroblastoma cells, and rat hippocampal neuronal cells. We also solved the structure of a xenorhodopsin from the nanohalosarchaeon Nanosalina ( Ns XeR) and suggest a mechanism of inward proton pumping. We demonstrate that the Ns XeR is a powerful pump, which is able to elicit action potentials in rat hippocampal neuronal cells up to their maximal intrinsic firing frequency. Hence, inwardly directed proton pumps are suitable for light-induced remote control of neurons, and they are an alternative to the well-known cation-selective channelrhodopsins.
- Subjects :
- Archaea metabolism
Binding Sites
Cell Line
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Escherichia coli metabolism
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Light
Liposomes
Models, Molecular
Protein Binding
Protein Conformation
Protons
Retina metabolism
Rhodopsin chemistry
Spectrum Analysis
Optogenetics methods
Proton Pumps metabolism
Rhodopsin metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2375-2548
- Volume :
- 3
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Science advances
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 28948217
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1603187