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The Association Between Diabetes and Olfactory Function in Adults.
- Source :
-
Chemical senses [Chem Senses] 2017 Dec 25; Vol. 43 (1), pp. 59-64. - Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Diabetes is a significant chronic disease that in limited studies has been linked with olfactory dysfunction. We investigated the cross-sectional association between diabetes and olfactory dysfunction in 3151 adults aged ≥40 years who participated in US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014 with information on olfactory dysfunction and diabetes. Diabetes was defined from fasting serum glucose ≥126 mg/dL, oral glucose tolerance test ≥200 mg/dL, HbA1c levels ≥6.5%, physician-diagnosed diabetes, or current use of oral hypoglycemic agents and/or insulin. Self-reported olfactory dysfunction was defined as a positive answer to any of the following questions: 1) "Have you had problem with smell in the past 12 months?"; 2) "Have you had a change in the ability to smell since age 25?", or 3) "Do you have phantom smells?". Participants were considered to have severe hyposmia or anosmia if they had <5 correct answers in the 8-item pocket smell test. Analyses were adjusted for the main confounders, including olfactory dysfunction risk factors. Compared to non-diabetics, diabetics under insulin treatment showed a higher prevalence of phantom odors [OR(95% CI): 2.42 (1.16; 5.06)] and a non-significant higher prevalence of severe hyposmia/anosmia [OR(95% CI): 1.57 (0.89; 2.78)]. Amongst diabetics, there was a significant trend to severe hyposmia/anosmia for those on more aggressive treatments [OR (95% CI) including oral and insulin treatment compared to those who reported no use of drug treatment, respectively: 1.33 (0.60; 2.96) and 2.86 (1.28; 6.40); P trend 0.01]. No association was observed between diabetes duration and prevalence of olfactory dysfunction.<br /> (© The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Subjects :
- Adult
Blood Glucose analysis
Comorbidity
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus physiopathology
Female
Glycated Hemoglobin analysis
Humans
Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use
Insulin therapeutic use
Male
Nutrition Surveys
Olfaction Disorders physiopathology
Prevalence
United States epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology
Olfaction Disorders epidemiology
Smell physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1464-3553
- Volume :
- 43
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Chemical senses
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 29126164
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjx070