Green tea prevents vascular disturbs and attenuates periodontal breakdown in long-term hyperglycaemia in T1D rats.

Aim: The effects of green tea on the modulation of vascularization during the progression of spontaneous periodontitis in long-term hyperglycaemia in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic (T1D) rats were evaluated.
Materials and Methods: Wistar rats normoglycaemic (NG) and T1D were divided into two control groups, which received water (NG-W and T1D-W) and two experimental groups that received green tea (NG-GT and T1D-GT). Periodontal structures were evaluated by microtomographic and histological analyses. Number of immunostained cells for VEGF (NcVEGF+/mm ² ) and CD31 (NcCD31+/mm ² ), as well microvessel density (MVD) in the periodontal ligament (PDL) were evaluated.
Results: Long-term hyperglycaemia in T1D-W rats induced vascular alterations in PDL with a reduction of 36% in MVD, a decrease of 33% in NcCD31+/mm ² and an increase of 53% in NcVEGF+/mm ² . Concomitantly, a severe degree of periodontitis with higher reduction in bone volume and periodontal bone level was observed. In T1D-GT, green tea maintained the MVD, NcCD31+/mm ² and NcVEGF+/mm ² in the PDL similar to normoglycaemic groups. Clinically, in T1D-GT rats, green tea reduced dental plaque accumulation and the degree of periodontitis when compared to T1D-W.
Conclusion: Daily green tea consumption has a therapeutic effect on the diabetic vascular disorder in PDL and the progression of periodontitis in long-term hyperglycaemia in T1D rats.
(© 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)