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CD9 and CD81 Interactions and Their Structural Modelling in Sperm Prior to Fertilization.
- Source :
-
International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2018 Apr 19; Vol. 19 (4). Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Apr 19. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Proteins CD9 and CD81 are members of the tetraspanin superfamily and were detected in mammalian sperm, where they are suspected to form an active tetraspanin web and to participate in sperm⁻egg membrane fusion. The importance of these two proteins during the early stages of fertilization is supported by the complete sterility of CD9/CD81 double null female mice. In this study, the putative mechanism of CD9/CD81 involvement in tetraspanin web formation in sperm and its activity prior to fertilization was addressed. Confocal microscopy and colocalization assay was used to determine a mutual CD9/CD81 localization visualised in detail by super-resolution microscopy, and their interaction was address by co-immunoprecipitation. The species-specific traits in CD9 and CD81 distribution during sperm maturation were compared between mice and humans. A mutual position of CD9/CD81 is shown in human spermatozoa in the acrosomal cap, however in mice, CD9 and CD81 occupy a distinct area. During the acrosome reaction in human sperm, only CD9 is relocated, compared to the relocation of both proteins in mice. The structural modelling of CD9 and CD81 homologous and possibly heterologous network formation was used to propose their lateral Cis as well as Trans interactions within the sperm membrane and during sperm⁻egg membrane fusion.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Female
Fertilization
Humans
Male
Membrane Fusion
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Models, Molecular
Protein Interaction Maps
Spermatozoa cytology
Spermatozoa ultrastructure
Tetraspanin 28 analysis
Tetraspanin 29 analysis
Acrosome Reaction
Sperm Capacitation
Spermatozoa metabolism
Tetraspanin 28 metabolism
Tetraspanin 29 metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1422-0067
- Volume :
- 19
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International journal of molecular sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 29671763
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19041236