Deferoxamine-induced electronegative ERG responses.

Purpose: To report a case of deferoxamine-induced retinopathy characterized by electroretinography (ERG), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), and other multimodal imaging.
Methods: This is an observational case report of one patient. Full-field ERG was performed. OCT-A, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), color fundus photography, and fundus autofluorescence were used to characterize the retinopathy induced by deferoxamine use.
Results: A 64-year-old man with a history of β-thalassemia intermedia presented with worsening visual acuity, nyctalopia, and electronegative ERG. OCT-A revealed atrophy of the choriocapillaris in areas of hypoautofluorescence, corresponding to regions of retinal atrophy. SD-OCT showed disruption of the ellipsoid zone, granular hyperreflective deposits within the retinal pigment epithelium, thinning of the retinal layers, and extensive choroidal sclerosis and atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium.
Conclusion: Deferoxamine-induced retinopathy can manifest with electronegative maximal ERG responses, and OCT-A can be used to detect deferoxamine toxicity.