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Indoor air pollution exposure effects on lung and cardiovascular health in the High Himalayas, Nepal: An observational study.
- Source :
-
European journal of internal medicine [Eur J Intern Med] 2019 Mar; Vol. 61, pp. 81-87. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Nov 01. - Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Background: Exposure to indoor biomass fuel smoke is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between exposure to indoor biomass burning and early pulmonary and cardiovascular damage.<br />Methods: The indoor levels of particulate matter (PM) [PM <subscript>10</subscript> , PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> ] and black carbon (BC) were monitored in 32 houses in a Himalayan village. Seventy-eight subjects were submitted to spirometry and cardiovascular evaluation [carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and echocardiography].<br />Results: Peak indoor BC concentration up to 100 μg m <superscript>-3</superscript> and PM <subscript>10</subscript> - PM <subscript>2.5</subscript> up to 1945-592 μg m <superscript>-3</superscript> were measured. We found a non-reversible bronchial obstruction in 18% of subjects ≥40 yr; mean forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of the forced vital capacity (FEF <subscript>25-75</subscript> ) <80% in 54% of subjects, suggestive of early respiratory impairment, significantly and inversely related to age. Average BC was correlated with right ventricular-right atrium gradient (R = 0.449,p = .002), total peripheral resistances (TPR) (R = 0.313,p = .029) and PWV (R = 0.589,p < .0001) especially in subjects >30 yr. In multiple variable analysis, BC remained an independent predictor of PWV (β = 0.556,p = .001), and TPR (β = 0.366;p = .018).<br />Conclusions: Indoor pollution exposure is associated to early pulmonary and cardiovascular damages, more evident for longer duration and higher intensity exposure.<br /> (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Altitude
Cardiovascular Diseases etiology
Echocardiography
Environmental Monitoring
Female
Fires
Humans
Lung Diseases etiology
Male
Middle Aged
Nepal
Pulse Wave Analysis
Respiratory Function Tests
Young Adult
Air Pollutants analysis
Air Pollution, Indoor adverse effects
Cooking
Soot analysis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1879-0828
- Volume :
- 61
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- European journal of internal medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30391165
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2018.10.023