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Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cohort Study.
- Source :
-
Environmental health perspectives [Environ Health Perspect] 2018 Oct; Vol. 126 (10), pp. 107002. - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious global public health challenge, but there is limited information on the connection between air pollution and risk of CKD.<br />Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of less than [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) and the development of CKD in a large cohort.<br />Methods: A total of 100,629 nonCKD Taiwanese residents age 20 y or above were included in this study between 2001 and 2014. Ambient [Formula: see text] concentration was estimated at each participant's address using a satellite-based spatiotemporal model. Incident CKD cases were identified by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than [Formula: see text]. We collected information on a wide range of potential confounders/modifiers during the medical examinations. Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to calculate hazard ratios (HRs).<br />Results: During the follow-up, 4,046 incident CKD cases were identified, and the incidence rate was 6.24 per 1,000 person-years. In contrast with participants with the first quintile exposure of [Formula: see text], participants with the fourth and fifth quintiles exposure of [Formula: see text] had increased risk of CKD development, adjusting for age, sex, educational level, smoking, drinking, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and self-reported heart disease or stroke, with an HR [95% confidence interval (CI)] of 1.11 (1.02, 1.22) and 1.15 (1.05, 1.26), respectively. A significant concentration-response trend was observed ([Formula: see text]). Every [Formula: see text] increment in the [Formula: see text] concentration was associated with a 6% higher risk of developing CKD (HR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10). Sensitivity and stratified analyses yielded similar results.<br />Conclusions: Long-term exposure to ambient [Formula: see text] was associated with an increased risk of CKD development. Our findings reinforce the urgency to develop global strategies of air pollution reduction to prevent CKD. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3304.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1552-9924
- Volume :
- 126
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Environmental health perspectives
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30392394
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3304