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Dimerization of Neuronal Calcium Sensor Proteins.
Dimerization of Neuronal Calcium Sensor Proteins.
- Source :
-
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience [Front Mol Neurosci] 2018 Nov 02; Vol. 11, pp. 397. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Nov 02 (Print Publication: 2018). - Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) proteins are EF-hand containing Ca <superscript>2+</superscript> binding proteins that regulate sensory signal transduction. Many NCS proteins (recoverin, GCAPs, neurocalcin and visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP1)) form functional dimers under physiological conditions. The dimeric NCS proteins have similar amino acid sequences (50% homology) but each bind to and regulate very different physiological targets. Retinal recoverin binds to rhodopsin kinase and promotes Ca <superscript>2+</superscript> -dependent desensitization of light-excited rhodopsin during visual phototransduction. The guanylyl cyclase activating proteins (GCAP1-5) each bind and activate retinal guanylyl cyclases (RetGCs) in light-adapted photoreceptors. VILIP1 binds to membrane targets that modulate neuronal secretion. Here, I review atomic-level structures of dimeric forms of recoverin, GCAPs and VILIP1. The distinct dimeric structures in each case suggest that NCS dimerization may play a role in modulating specific target recognition. The dimerization of recoverin and VILIP1 is Ca <superscript>2+</superscript> -dependent and enhances their membrane-targeting Ca <superscript>2+</superscript> -myristoyl switch function. The dimerization of GCAP1 and GCAP2 facilitate their binding to dimeric RetGCs and may allosterically control the Ca <superscript>2+</superscript> -dependent activation of RetGCs.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1662-5099
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 30450035
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2018.00397