Impacts of hazardous metals and PAHs in fine and coarse particles with long-range transports in Taipei City.

This study assessed the impact on air quality and health risk by long-range transported (LRT) PM _2.5-10 - and PM _2.5 -bound metals and PAHs in Taipei City, Taiwan. Several methods with receptor aerosol measurements were used to quantify the effect of LRT. The hybrid single particle lagrangian integrated trajectory model (HYSPLIT) was used in conjunction with the potential source contribution function (PSCF) to distinguish the LRT aerosols. By using a general linear model (GLM) with a marginal mean and positive matrix fraction (PMF), this study also evaluated the annual increased level of LRT (AIR _LRT ) for each source contribution to the concentration and the resultant health risk of particle-bound metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The LRT influenced fine-sized metals and PAHs rather than coarse-sized ones. We found that the level of PM _2.5 -bound toxic metals (Pb, Cd, and As) and PAHs (Benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[a,e]pyrene) could increase by 90% under the influence of LRT in 2014, while an AIR _LRT value of 25% for the PM _2.5 mass concentration was observed. Overall, the excess cancer risk (ECR) resulting from PM _2.5 -bound metal and PAH exposures was 6.40 × 10 ^-5 in relation to coal combustions (20.7%), traffic-related emissions (59.7%) and re-suspended aerosols (19.6%). Among these contributors, LRT-related metals and PAHs in PM _2.5 accounted for 51% of the total ECR.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)